New York 8 Against Fascist Terrorism
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At midnight on October 17, 1984, more than 500 heavily armed members of the FBI/NYPD Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF) conducted a sweep across New York City, arresting eight Black revolutionaries: Omowale Clay, Coltrane Chimurenga, Viola Plummer, Colette Pean, Roger Wareham, Robert Taylor, Yvette Kelly, and Lateefah Carter. During the sweep, six residences were raided and their occupants–including a one year old infant--were held at gunpoint. In the 22 months leading up to the arrests the NY 8 were subjected to extensive surveillance including wire taps, video, and physical monitoring.
The NY 8 won victory in a month-and-a-half battle for bail as the first people held under the new federal Preventive Detention Law (No Bail Act) which fundamentally turned around the presumption of innocence in making them prove their right to bail. They faced over 72 conspiracy charges for isolated, petty crimes that could not be legally considered on their own. So, they were linked together as predicate acts of a criminal enterprise, which laid the basis for the government to apply RICO, the Racketeering Influence Organization Act used against organized crime. In essence, the NY 8 were charged with conspiring to commit conspiracies.
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